Design of new models of heat-resistant masonry systems based on the constructive reinterpretation of ceramic fretwork from Norte de Santander, Colombia
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heat flow, thermal resistance, construction System
The facades transcend the aesthetic expression of the envelope in architecture, they are responsible for the thermal response of the building to the climatic environment, in traditional construction processes and technological advances in innovation in new products should be considered as guidelines the conditions of temperature and solar radiation to which the building units will be subjected, an aspect especially relevant in warm tropical climates where the solar incidence on the envelope is high, in ranges above 6000Wh/m2. The present research seeks to optimize the thermal response capacity of the ceramic envelope through the reinterpretation of the baked clay fretwork as a constructive element for enclosure walls, starting from the identification of the pieces that present better physical-thermal characteristics of the industry of Norte de Santander, products of easy commercial acquisition as an alternative for the development of economic and efficient models for the manufacture of architectural skins in the local building, in the process design criteria are established that integrate thermal resistance strategies in local resources. The evaluation of the thermal efficiency of a constructive reinterpretation of two ceramic skins is conducted by means of digital simulations of heat flow and temperature distribution implementing finite element method under parameters of temperature, radiation, and wind speed of the local climate. The results show that the ceramic openwork, a traditional product, can constitute an effective solution in the achievement of a better physical-thermal behavior of the enclosure in the city of Cúcuta, and presents a replicable model in innovative designs for the generation of innovation in sustainable constructive units as alternatives to reduce the requirements of air conditioning in the building.
S. M. Rozo-Rincón, J. Sánchez y D. C. Álvarez-Rozo, “Propiedades físico-mecánicas de bloques h10 fabricados en el área metropolitana de Cúcuta”, Ciencia e Ingeniería Neogranadina, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 67-78, junio 2014. DOI:10.18359/rcin.8
A. P. Colmenares Uribe, J. Sánchez Molina y C. X. Díaz Fuentes, “Caracterización térmica y técnica del ladrillo multiperforado a nivel de laboratorio”, Respuestas, vol. 25, pp. 43-49, enero 2020. https://revistas.ufps.edu.co/index.php/respuestas/article/view/1899
M.S. Narváez-Ortega, J. Sánchez-Molina, y J. S. Sánchez-Zúñiga, “Cámaras de aire ventiladas en un producto cerámico tradicional para envolventes de mampostería con enfriamiento pasivo”, Mundo Fesc, vol. 10, no. 19, pp. 128-135, junio 2020
C. Mitterer, H.M. Künzel, S. Herkel, A. Holm “Optimizing energy efficiency and occupant comfort with climate specific design of the building”, Frontiers of Architectural Research, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 229-235 septiembre 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2012.06.002
J. Sánchez & P. Ramírez, El clúster de la cerámica del área metropolitana de Cúcuta. Cúcuta: Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, 2013
J. M. Mogrovejo-Andrade, L. M. Bastos-Osorio & J. Antuny-Pabón, “Impacto económico del sector cerámico en San José de Cúcuta (Colombia)”. Universidad & Empresa, vol. 17, pp. 157-180, Febrero 2015. https://doi.org/10.12804/rev.univ.empresa.29.2015.07
P.B. Lourenço, G. Vasconcelos, P. Medeiros and J. Gouveia “Vertically perforated clay brick masonry for loadbearing and non-loadbearing masonry walls”, Construction and Building Materials, vol. 24, no. 11, pp. 2317-2330, november 2010. DOI:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.04.010
L.C. Sousa, H. Sousa, C.F. Castro, C.C. Antonio, and R. Sousa, “A new lightweight masonry block: Thermal and mechanical performance”, Archives of civil and mechanical engineering, vol.14, no. 1, pp. 160-169, january 2014. Doi: 10.1016/j.acme.2013.08.003
F. Stazi, F. Tomassoni, A. Vegliò and C. Di Perna, "Experimental evaluation of ventilated walls with an external clay cladding", Renewable Energy, vol. 36, no. 12, pp. 3373–3385, diciembre 2011. Doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2011.05.016
M.S. Narváez-Ortega, J. Sánchez-Molina, and J. S. Sánchez-Zúñiga, “Cámaras de aire ventiladas en un producto cerámico tradicional para envolventes de mampostería con enfriamiento pasivo”, Mundo Fesc, vol. 10, no. 19, pp. 128-135, junio 2020
T. Gutiérrez, R. Romero and C. Sotelo, “Thermal energy impact of bioclimatic techniques applied to low-income housing in a hot dry climate”, Energy Procedia, vol. 57, pp. 1743-1752, 2014. Doi: 10.1016/j.egypro.2014.10.163
G. Y. Yun, “Influences of perceived control on thermal comfort and energy use in buildings”, Energy and Buildings, vol. 158, pp. 822 - 830. January 2018. Doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.10.044
F. Manzano-Agugliaro, F.G. Montoya, A. Sabio-Ortega and A. García-Cruz, “Review of bioclimatic architecture strategies for achieving thermal comfort”, Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, vol. 49, pp. 736-755, September 2015. Doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.04.095
D. C. Álvarez-Rozo, J. Sánchez-Molina, F. A. Corpas-Iglesias y J. F. Gelves, “Características de las materias primas usadas por las empresas del sector cerámico del área metropolitana de Cúcuta (Colombia)”, Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Cerámica y Vidrio, vol. 57, pp. 247-256. Diciembre 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bsecv.2018.04.002
Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM) 2020, Atlas Climatológico de Colombia, Bogotá: Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales
Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM) 2018 Informe estación Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, promedio horario de radiación, Cúcuta: Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales
Y. A. Cengel, Transferencia de calor y masa, un enfoque práctico. México: McGraw-Hill Interamericana, 2007
A. P. Colmenares Uribe, J. Sánchez Molina and C. X. Díaz Fuentes, “Comparative thermal analysis of extruded ceramic products between multi perforated brick and modified bricks in cells distribution”, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1386, no. 012130, pp. 28-31, May 2019. Doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1386/1/012130
M.S. Narvaez-Ortega, J. Sánchez-Molina, and C. X. Diaz-Fuentes, “Comparative evaluation of physical, mechanical and thermal properties of traditional H10 and H15 red clay blocks manufactured by the ceramic industry from San José de Cúcuta, Colombia”, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1388, no. 012007, pp. 1-8, November 2018. Doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1388/1/012007
M. S. Narváez-Ortega, J. Sánchez-Molina and C. X. Diaz-Fuentes, “Comparative evaluation of the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of traditional H10 and H15 red clay blocks manufactured by the ceramic industry from San José de Cúcuta, Colombia”, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1388, pp. 012007, November 2018. Doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1388/1/012007
The facades transcend the aesthetic expression of the envelope in architecture, they are responsible for the thermal response of the building to the climatic environment, in traditional construction processes and technological advances in innovation in new products should be considered as guidelines the conditions of temperature and solar radiation to which the building units will be subjected, an aspect especially relevant in warm tropical climates where the solar incidence on the envelope is high, in ranges above 6000Wh/m2. The present research seeks to optimize the thermal response capacity of the ceramic envelope through the reinterpretation of the baked clay fretwork as a constructive element for enclosure walls, starting from the identification of the pieces that present better physical-thermal characteristics of the industry of Norte de Santander, products of easy commercial acquisition as an alternative for the development of economic and efficient models for the manufacture of architectural skins in the local building, in the process design criteria are established that integrate thermal resistance strategies in local resources. The evaluation of the thermal efficiency of a constructive reinterpretation of two ceramic skins is conducted by means of digital simulations of heat flow and temperature distribution implementing finite element method under parameters of temperature, radiation, and wind speed of the local climate. The results show that the ceramic openwork, a traditional product, can constitute an effective solution in the achievement of a better physical-thermal behavior of the enclosure in the city of Cúcuta, and presents a replicable model in innovative designs for the generation of innovation in sustainable constructive units as alternatives to reduce the requirements of air conditioning in the building.
S. M. Rozo-Rincón, J. Sánchez y D. C. Álvarez-Rozo, “Propiedades físico-mecánicas de bloques h10 fabricados en el área metropolitana de Cúcuta”, Ciencia e Ingeniería Neogranadina, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 67-78, junio 2014. DOI:10.18359/rcin.8
A. P. Colmenares Uribe, J. Sánchez Molina y C. X. Díaz Fuentes, “Caracterización térmica y técnica del ladrillo multiperforado a nivel de laboratorio”, Respuestas, vol. 25, pp. 43-49, enero 2020. https://revistas.ufps.edu.co/index.php/respuestas/article/view/1899
M.S. Narváez-Ortega, J. Sánchez-Molina, y J. S. Sánchez-Zúñiga, “Cámaras de aire ventiladas en un producto cerámico tradicional para envolventes de mampostería con enfriamiento pasivo”, Mundo Fesc, vol. 10, no. 19, pp. 128-135, junio 2020
C. Mitterer, H.M. Künzel, S. Herkel, A. Holm “Optimizing energy efficiency and occupant comfort with climate specific design of the building”, Frontiers of Architectural Research, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 229-235 septiembre 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2012.06.002
J. Sánchez & P. Ramírez, El clúster de la cerámica del área metropolitana de Cúcuta. Cúcuta: Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, 2013
J. M. Mogrovejo-Andrade, L. M. Bastos-Osorio & J. Antuny-Pabón, “Impacto económico del sector cerámico en San José de Cúcuta (Colombia)”. Universidad & Empresa, vol. 17, pp. 157-180, Febrero 2015. https://doi.org/10.12804/rev.univ.empresa.29.2015.07
P.B. Lourenço, G. Vasconcelos, P. Medeiros and J. Gouveia “Vertically perforated clay brick masonry for loadbearing and non-loadbearing masonry walls”, Construction and Building Materials, vol. 24, no. 11, pp. 2317-2330, november 2010. DOI:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.04.010
L.C. Sousa, H. Sousa, C.F. Castro, C.C. Antonio, and R. Sousa, “A new lightweight masonry block: Thermal and mechanical performance”, Archives of civil and mechanical engineering, vol.14, no. 1, pp. 160-169, january 2014. Doi: 10.1016/j.acme.2013.08.003
F. Stazi, F. Tomassoni, A. Vegliò and C. Di Perna, "Experimental evaluation of ventilated walls with an external clay cladding", Renewable Energy, vol. 36, no. 12, pp. 3373–3385, diciembre 2011. Doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2011.05.016
M.S. Narváez-Ortega, J. Sánchez-Molina, and J. S. Sánchez-Zúñiga, “Cámaras de aire ventiladas en un producto cerámico tradicional para envolventes de mampostería con enfriamiento pasivo”, Mundo Fesc, vol. 10, no. 19, pp. 128-135, junio 2020
T. Gutiérrez, R. Romero and C. Sotelo, “Thermal energy impact of bioclimatic techniques applied to low-income housing in a hot dry climate”, Energy Procedia, vol. 57, pp. 1743-1752, 2014. Doi: 10.1016/j.egypro.2014.10.163
G. Y. Yun, “Influences of perceived control on thermal comfort and energy use in buildings”, Energy and Buildings, vol. 158, pp. 822 - 830. January 2018. Doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.10.044
F. Manzano-Agugliaro, F.G. Montoya, A. Sabio-Ortega and A. García-Cruz, “Review of bioclimatic architecture strategies for achieving thermal comfort”, Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, vol. 49, pp. 736-755, September 2015. Doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.04.095
D. C. Álvarez-Rozo, J. Sánchez-Molina, F. A. Corpas-Iglesias y J. F. Gelves, “Características de las materias primas usadas por las empresas del sector cerámico del área metropolitana de Cúcuta (Colombia)”, Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Cerámica y Vidrio, vol. 57, pp. 247-256. Diciembre 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bsecv.2018.04.002
Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM) 2020, Atlas Climatológico de Colombia, Bogotá: Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales
Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM) 2018 Informe estación Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, promedio horario de radiación, Cúcuta: Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales
Y. A. Cengel, Transferencia de calor y masa, un enfoque práctico. México: McGraw-Hill Interamericana, 2007
A. P. Colmenares Uribe, J. Sánchez Molina and C. X. Díaz Fuentes, “Comparative thermal analysis of extruded ceramic products between multi perforated brick and modified bricks in cells distribution”, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1386, no. 012130, pp. 28-31, May 2019. Doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1386/1/012130
M.S. Narvaez-Ortega, J. Sánchez-Molina, and C. X. Diaz-Fuentes, “Comparative evaluation of physical, mechanical and thermal properties of traditional H10 and H15 red clay blocks manufactured by the ceramic industry from San José de Cúcuta, Colombia”, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1388, no. 012007, pp. 1-8, November 2018. Doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1388/1/012007
M. S. Narváez-Ortega, J. Sánchez-Molina and C. X. Diaz-Fuentes, “Comparative evaluation of the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of traditional H10 and H15 red clay blocks manufactured by the ceramic industry from San José de Cúcuta, Colombia”, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1388, pp. 012007, November 2018. Doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1388/1/012007
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