The intention of entrepreneurship, an analysis from the theory of planned behavior
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Competitiveness, entrepreneurship, leadership, cognitive process., competitiveness, entrepreneurship, leadership, cognitive process
Increasingly, the dynamics of the globalization of knowledge, communications and the economy has led to the qualification of human resources becoming the best alternative in the processes to overcome poverty and achieve the development of peoples, taking As protagonists, innovative individuals, proactive with the ability to adapt to changes imposed by a highly competitive market. In this purpose, cognitive development from the classroom aimed at awakening the entrepreneurial spirit in the student is of fundamental importance. The objective of this research is to understand how the Francisco de Paula Santander University, through the Business Administration program, contributes to the formation of this type of leadership. The research was carried out on 40 Business Administration students, whose curriculum includes the compulsory subject of Entrepreneurship. Using a quantitative methodology, for which three moments were taken into account: before the Entrepreneurship course (M1), during the course (M2) and after the course (M3), which made it easier to perceive changes in beliefs about attitude, the perception of the subjective norms and the perception of the behavior control and intention of the student to become an entrepreneur. According to the results of the inquiries made to the course in the middle of the semester (M2), it was found that students experience a significant increase in confidence in the factors of attitudes, subjective norms, perception of control with respect to the beginning of the course.
I. Ajzen, "Constructing a Theory of Planned Behavior Questionaire," Technical Report, pp. 1-6, 2006.
D. Audretsch and M. Keilbach, "Entrepreneurship and regional growth: an evolutionary," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, vol. 5, pp. 605-616, 2004.
S. Wennekers, A. Van Wennekers, R. Thurik and P. Reynolds, "Nascent entrepreneurship and the level of economic development," Small business economics,, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 292-309, 2005.
F. Liñán, J. Rodríguez-Cohard and J. Rueda-Cantuche, "Factors affecting entrepreneurial intention levels: a role for education," International entrepreneurship and management Journal, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 195-218, 2011.
N. Krueger and I. Welpe, Neuroentrepreneurship: what can entrepreneurship learn from neuroscience? In Annals of Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy–2014., M. H. Morris, Ed., Cheltenham / Northamton: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2014.
G. Hägg and A. Kurczewska, "Who is the student entrepreneur? Understanding the emergent adult through the pedagogy and andragogy interplay," Journal of Small Business Management, vol. 57, pp. 130-147, 2019.
J. Dobson, C. Y., L. Dobson and A. Moros, "Success Through Failure: Towards a Problem-Based Approach to Entrepreneurship," Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 225-260, 2021.
M. Morris, "Establishing moorings and foundations in entrepreneurial education. Annals in Entrepreneurship Education series," in Annals of Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy – 2014, M. Morris, Ed., Northampton, MA, Edward Elgar Publishing., 2014.
M. Goldsby, D. Kuratko, M. Marvel and T. Nelson, "Design-Centered Entrepreneurship: A four stage iterative process for opportunity development," Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 47-490, 2017.
J. Levie, Enterprising education in higher education in England, London: Department for Education and Employment, 1999.
P. Kirschner, J. Sweller and R. Clark, "Why Minimal Guidance During Instruction Does Not Work: An Analysis of the Failure of Constructivist, Discovery, Problem-Based, Experiential, and Inquiry-Based Teaching," Educational Psychologist, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 75-86, 2006.
S. Sarasvathy, Effectuation: Elements of entrepreneurial expertise, London: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2009.
R. Baron and S. Shane, Entrepreneurship: A process perspective, Mason, OH: South-Western, 2004.
M. Cardon, J. Wincent, J. Singh and M. Drnovsek, "The nature and experience of entrepreneurial passion," Academy of management Review, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 511-532, 2009.
I. Syed and B. Mueller, "Finding the passion to persevere: An exploration of the mechanisms by which passion fuels entrepreneurial grit," Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 1-15, 2014.
C. Argyris and D. Schon, Organizational learning II: A theory of action perspective, Pensilvania: Sage, 1996.
J. Lindner, "Entrepreneurial learning for TVET institutions: A practical guide.," UNESCO-UNEVOC, París, 2020.
I. Biney, "Adult learning and small-scale business promotion in the communities: Prospects, challenges, and strategies," International Journal of Technology and Entrepreneurship (IJTE), vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 21-35, 2018.
F. Nafukho, N. Wawire and P. Lam, Management of adult education organisations in Africa, París: Pearson Education and UNESCO, 2021.
F. Green, "Youth entrepreneurship," OECD, París, 2013.
QAA Enterprise and Entrepreneurship Review, "Enterprise and entrepreneurship education: Guidance for UK education providers. The Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education," QAA, London, 2018.
N. Scarborough, Efective small business management: An entrepreneurial approach (10th ed.)., Hoboken: Prentice Hal, 2012.
E. Carayannis and D. Campbell, "“Mode 3” and “Quadruple Helix”: Toward a 31st century fractal innovation ecosystem," International Journal of Technology Management, vol. 46, no. 3/4, pp. 201-234, 2009.
I. Ajzen and M. Fishbein, Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior, Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1980.
I. Ajzen and M. Fishbein, The influence of attitudes on behavior, D. Albarracín, B. T. Johnson and M. P. Zanna, Eds., Massachusetts: University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2005, pp. 173, 221.
M. Fishbein and I. Ajzen, Belief, attitude, intention and behavior: An introduction to Theory and Research, Massachusetts: Addison-Wuesly Publishing Company, 1975.
A. Bandura, "Self-Efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change," Psychological Review, vol. 84, pp. 191-215, 1977.
A. Bandura, Pensamiento y acción.Fundamentos sociales, Barcelona: Martínez-Roc, 1987.
V. Vamvaka, C. Stoforos, T. Palaskas and B. Charalampos, "Attitude toward entrepreneurship, perceived behavioral control, and entrepreneurial intention: dimensionality, structural relationships, and gender differences," Journal of Innovation Entrepreneurship, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 1-10, 2020.
D. Rae and M. Carswell, "Using a life-story approach in researching entrepreneurial learning: the development of a conceptual model and its implications in the design of learning experiences," Education and Training, vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 220-225, 2000.
L. Pittaway and R. Thorpe, "A framework for entrepreneurial learning: A tribute to Jason Cope," Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, vol. 24, no. 9-10, pp. 837-859, 2012.
H. Neck, P. Greene and C. Brush, Practice-based entrepreneurship education using actionable theory., Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2014.
R. White and R. D’Souza, Links between learning speed and opportunity recognition. In M. H. Morris, Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2014.
Increasingly, the dynamics of the globalization of knowledge, communications and the economy has led to the qualification of human resources becoming the best alternative in the processes to overcome poverty and achieve the development of peoples, taking As protagonists, innovative individuals, proactive with the ability to adapt to changes imposed by a highly competitive market. In this purpose, cognitive development from the classroom aimed at awakening the entrepreneurial spirit in the student is of fundamental importance. The objective of this research is to understand how the Francisco de Paula Santander University, through the Business Administration program, contributes to the formation of this type of leadership. The research was carried out on 40 Business Administration students, whose curriculum includes the compulsory subject of Entrepreneurship. Using a quantitative methodology, for which three moments were taken into account: before the Entrepreneurship course (M1), during the course (M2) and after the course (M3), which made it easier to perceive changes in beliefs about attitude, the perception of the subjective norms and the perception of the behavior control and intention of the student to become an entrepreneur. According to the results of the inquiries made to the course in the middle of the semester (M2), it was found that students experience a significant increase in confidence in the factors of attitudes, subjective norms, perception of control with respect to the beginning of the course.
I. Ajzen, "Constructing a Theory of Planned Behavior Questionaire," Technical Report, pp. 1-6, 2006.
D. Audretsch and M. Keilbach, "Entrepreneurship and regional growth: an evolutionary," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, vol. 5, pp. 605-616, 2004.
S. Wennekers, A. Van Wennekers, R. Thurik and P. Reynolds, "Nascent entrepreneurship and the level of economic development," Small business economics,, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 292-309, 2005.
F. Liñán, J. Rodríguez-Cohard and J. Rueda-Cantuche, "Factors affecting entrepreneurial intention levels: a role for education," International entrepreneurship and management Journal, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 195-218, 2011.
N. Krueger and I. Welpe, Neuroentrepreneurship: what can entrepreneurship learn from neuroscience? In Annals of Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy–2014., M. H. Morris, Ed., Cheltenham / Northamton: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2014.
G. Hägg and A. Kurczewska, "Who is the student entrepreneur? Understanding the emergent adult through the pedagogy and andragogy interplay," Journal of Small Business Management, vol. 57, pp. 130-147, 2019.
J. Dobson, C. Y., L. Dobson and A. Moros, "Success Through Failure: Towards a Problem-Based Approach to Entrepreneurship," Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 225-260, 2021.
M. Morris, "Establishing moorings and foundations in entrepreneurial education. Annals in Entrepreneurship Education series," in Annals of Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy – 2014, M. Morris, Ed., Northampton, MA, Edward Elgar Publishing., 2014.
M. Goldsby, D. Kuratko, M. Marvel and T. Nelson, "Design-Centered Entrepreneurship: A four stage iterative process for opportunity development," Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 47-490, 2017.
J. Levie, Enterprising education in higher education in England, London: Department for Education and Employment, 1999.
P. Kirschner, J. Sweller and R. Clark, "Why Minimal Guidance During Instruction Does Not Work: An Analysis of the Failure of Constructivist, Discovery, Problem-Based, Experiential, and Inquiry-Based Teaching," Educational Psychologist, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 75-86, 2006.
S. Sarasvathy, Effectuation: Elements of entrepreneurial expertise, London: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2009.
R. Baron and S. Shane, Entrepreneurship: A process perspective, Mason, OH: South-Western, 2004.
M. Cardon, J. Wincent, J. Singh and M. Drnovsek, "The nature and experience of entrepreneurial passion," Academy of management Review, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 511-532, 2009.
I. Syed and B. Mueller, "Finding the passion to persevere: An exploration of the mechanisms by which passion fuels entrepreneurial grit," Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 1-15, 2014.
C. Argyris and D. Schon, Organizational learning II: A theory of action perspective, Pensilvania: Sage, 1996.
J. Lindner, "Entrepreneurial learning for TVET institutions: A practical guide.," UNESCO-UNEVOC, París, 2020.
I. Biney, "Adult learning and small-scale business promotion in the communities: Prospects, challenges, and strategies," International Journal of Technology and Entrepreneurship (IJTE), vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 21-35, 2018.
F. Nafukho, N. Wawire and P. Lam, Management of adult education organisations in Africa, París: Pearson Education and UNESCO, 2021.
F. Green, "Youth entrepreneurship," OECD, París, 2013.
QAA Enterprise and Entrepreneurship Review, "Enterprise and entrepreneurship education: Guidance for UK education providers. The Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education," QAA, London, 2018.
N. Scarborough, Efective small business management: An entrepreneurial approach (10th ed.)., Hoboken: Prentice Hal, 2012.
E. Carayannis and D. Campbell, "“Mode 3” and “Quadruple Helix”: Toward a 31st century fractal innovation ecosystem," International Journal of Technology Management, vol. 46, no. 3/4, pp. 201-234, 2009.
I. Ajzen and M. Fishbein, Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior, Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1980.
I. Ajzen and M. Fishbein, The influence of attitudes on behavior, D. Albarracín, B. T. Johnson and M. P. Zanna, Eds., Massachusetts: University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2005, pp. 173, 221.
M. Fishbein and I. Ajzen, Belief, attitude, intention and behavior: An introduction to Theory and Research, Massachusetts: Addison-Wuesly Publishing Company, 1975.
A. Bandura, "Self-Efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change," Psychological Review, vol. 84, pp. 191-215, 1977.
A. Bandura, Pensamiento y acción.Fundamentos sociales, Barcelona: Martínez-Roc, 1987.
V. Vamvaka, C. Stoforos, T. Palaskas and B. Charalampos, "Attitude toward entrepreneurship, perceived behavioral control, and entrepreneurial intention: dimensionality, structural relationships, and gender differences," Journal of Innovation Entrepreneurship, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 1-10, 2020.
D. Rae and M. Carswell, "Using a life-story approach in researching entrepreneurial learning: the development of a conceptual model and its implications in the design of learning experiences," Education and Training, vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 220-225, 2000.
L. Pittaway and R. Thorpe, "A framework for entrepreneurial learning: A tribute to Jason Cope," Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, vol. 24, no. 9-10, pp. 837-859, 2012.
H. Neck, P. Greene and C. Brush, Practice-based entrepreneurship education using actionable theory., Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2014.
R. White and R. D’Souza, Links between learning speed and opportunity recognition. In M. H. Morris, Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2014.
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